Migration and modernization in the Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud involves the process of relocating an organization's digital infrastructure, applications, and data to AWS. This shift allows you to not only modernize applications, but also use the range of scalable and secure cloud services and infrastructure offered by AWS to reduce reliance on physical hardware and optimize resource allocation.

The migration process typically begins with a comprehensive assessment of your existing IT assets and requirements, followed by strategic planning and architecture design to ensure an optimal transition. This may involve re-hosting, re-platforming, or re-architecting applications to best use AWS services.Once you have a migration plan in place, data is transferred to AWS, and applications are deployed in the cloud environment. Post-migration, ongoing management, monitoring, and optimization are crucial to maximize benefits. AWS offers a wide range of tools, resources, and support to help with this process, catering to diverse migration strategies, such as lift-and-shift, re-platforming, and refactoring.